If all you had to go by was the information presented in the financial media, you’d be forgiven for believing that to be a successful investor you needed to know which companies were best to own, and that you had to be able to forecast market cycles. Calling the tops and bottoms, which no one can.

Fortunately, neither of these are true. We believe that the most important financial decision you’ll make in your life is what portion of your assets you allocate to equities (the greatest wealth building asset). Indeed, extensive research has shown that your asset allocation decision is responsible for the majority of your portfolio’s return. Asset allocation refers to your decision about how much you allocate to equities and fixed interest assets, respectively.Before we proceed, let’s define these terms.

Equities (or stocks) is a part-ownership in a publicly listed business. Investors are rewarded if the company is successful in growing its revenues over time. This usually leads to an increase in share price. Investors are also rewarded in the form of dividends – company profits which management decides to payout to the owners.Fixed income (or Bonds) are a form of lending to corporations/governments who need to raise capital for maintaining or expanding their operations. Usually, a fixed rate of return is agreed, hence the term “fixed income”.These investors do not own any share of the company (which costs them dearly over decades).

To the casual observer, both are forms of investments which provide returns over time. However, they are fundamentally different asset classes. The distinction is vitally important to understand.Investing in equities makes you an owner of a business.

Investing in a diversified portfolio of said equities makes you an owner of the great companies of the world, the companies we all use each and every day. What a thought!Investing in bonds (or any fixed interest instrument) makes you a loaner to these same businesses. You have no claim to their future profits.As an owner of a successful business, would you prefer to raise money by borrowing at a fixed cost, or would you give up a part of your business to access the cash? The answer may not be clear: if prospects were good you would borrow the money, all else being equal.Similarly, as an investor, would you prefer to own a share of a successful business, or would you prefer to lend money to them? The answer may again be self-evident. You want to own small pieces of the great companies rather than just loan them money. Owners beat loaners.